The genetic marker of pediatric atopic dermatitis.

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the genetic analysis of the interleukin-17A (IL-17A) cytokine gene polymorphism as a valuable tool for understanding susceptibility, clinical course, and development of atopic dermatitis (AD) in the pediatric population.
The investigation into the prevalence and distribution of the IL-17A G-197A (rs2275913) polymorphic variants involved 237 children aged 3 months to 18 years presenting with various clinical forms of AD. All patients were monitored and treated at the Department of Pediatric Dermatology within the Multidisciplinary Pediatric Clinic of the Tashkent State Medical University.
The research highlights the importance of molecular-genetic testing in improving risk assessment accuracy, predicting disease manifestations across different clinical phenotypes, and identifying potential immunogenetic markers for personalized therapeutic approaches. By comparing the genotype and allele frequencies of the IL-17A rs2275913 polymorphism with clinical manifestations and a healthy control group, the reliability of diagnostic and prognostic data was significantly enhanced.
The paper provides a detailed analysis of the distribution of allelic variants (particularly the increased frequency of the A allele) and genotypic combinations (specifically the heterozygous GA genotype) across the exudative, lichenoid, and pruriginous forms of pediatric AD, while demonstrating an absence of significant associations in the erythematosquamous form. Furthermore, the findings underscore the potential role of the A allele and GA genotype as biological susceptibility markers, especially in non-erythematosquamous clinical variants, and their possible interaction with skin barrier defects, such as filaggrin mutations.
This study contributes to the development of a reliable and practical immunogenetic approach for managing AD in pediatric patients, supporting precision medicine strategies tailored to diverse populations, including Central Asian children.